Category: Linux

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Install Certificate on Ubuntu 22.04

Select Run from the Start menu, and then enter

certmgr.msc

The Certificate Manager tool for the current user appears. To view your certificates, under Certificates - Current User in the left pane, expand the directory for the type of certificate you want to view.

Find certificate, choose "Action", "All Tasks", Export, Next

Choose "DER encoded binary X.509 (.CER)"

Save as princess-root.der

princess-root

Copy to Linux

Refer: https://ubuntu.com/server/docs/security-trust-store

Convert DER to PEM

sudo openssl x509 -inform der -outform pem -in princess-root.cer -out princess-root.crt
sudo cp princess-root.crt /usr/local/share/ca-certificates/
sudo update-ca-certificates

Refer: https://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/trusty/man1/certmgr.1.html

Installation for certmgr

sudo apt install mono-devel

Look at certs

less /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
certmgr -list -c -m Trust | less
certmgr -list -c -m Trust | grep -i princess

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Using Pop Shell on other GNOME Desktops

For Ubuntu-Based Distros

Refer: https://support.system76.com/articles/pop-shell/

In order to build Pop Shell from source, we'll first need to install the build dependencies and git to clone the repository:

sudo apt install git node-typescript make

Note: these instructions assume an Ubuntu-based distro; other distributions (see examples below) will use different package managers, and may have different package names.

Next we'll clone the repository using this command:

git clone https://github.com/pop-os/shell.git

Now we'll enter the directory for Pop Shell (called "shell") and build the package:

cd shell
make local-install
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Bluetooth Adapter Ubuntu

VMWare ended up taking away the USB port for the blue-tooth adapter.   Eventually, fixed by using USB 4-port to get a different adapter to get recognized.  Ran the following, anyway and left it.  Don't know if it did anything or not.

Refer: https://www.linuxliteos.com/manual/hardware.html#bluetooth

$ sudo leafpad /etc/bluetooth/audio.conf
Add the following to the file:

[General]
Enable = Source,Sink,Headset,Gateway,Control,Media
Disable = Socket

HFP=false

[A2DP]
SBCSources=1
MPEG12Sources=0

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:cschramm/blueman
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install blueman pavucontrol pulseaudio-module-bluetooth -y

Refer: https://www.reddit.com/r/linuxhardware/comments/t7hzdb/which_usb_bluetooth_dongle_would_you_recommend_me/

Use this to see kernel version

uname -r

UB500 Released September 2022

I've read in a few places that the TP-Link UB500 driver was added to the linux kernel starting with kernel version 5.16, meaning older kernel versions will require you to manually install the driver (https://github.com/tedboudros/tplink-ub500-linux-patch-guide)

Since Ubuntu 20.04 and 22.04 only have kernel version 5.15, I bought the previous version of this device (TP-Link UB400) and I can confirm it works out of the box on Ubuntu. I just plugged it in and it worked.

I'm currently using UB400, and UB500 DID NOT WORK yet.

You could build a newer kernel, instructions here:

Refer: https://github.com/tedboudros/tplink-ub500-linux-patch-guide

How to Change Your Kernel

Refer: https://blog.mruckman.com/2021/09/change-linux-kernel-being-used/

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Change Timezone on Ubuntu

From a Terminal

export TZ=America/Los_Angeles
timedatectl

Example Output

$ timedatectl
                      Local time: Sun 2022-09-18 18:28:01 UTC
                  Universal time: Sun 2022-09-18 18:28:01 UTC
                        RTC time: Sun 2022-09-18 18:28:03
                       Time zone: Etc/UTC (UTC, +0000)
       System clock synchronized: no
systemd-timesyncd.service active: yes
                 RTC in local TZ: no

Another way

sudo timedatectl set-timezone America/Los_Angeles

Inside a Docker Container

ln -fs /usr/share/zoneinfo/America/Los_Angeles /etc/localtime
dpkg-reconfigure --frontend noninteractive tzdata

Interactive Way

dpkg-reconfigure tzdata
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Ubuntu Text to Speech from Command Line

Free Online WebSite

https://www.naturalreaders.com/online/

Paid Software with Lifetime Subscription
https://micmonster.com/pricing/

Alexa Has a Skill that can be accessed from a browser

Refer: https://www.lifewire.com/make-alexa-say-what-you-want-5204622

Install Alexa "Text to Voice" skill

https://texttovoice.io/

One,
Two,
Three

Refer: https://askubuntu.com/questions/501910/how-to-text-to-speech-output-using-command-line

Say converts text to audible speech using the GNUstep speech engine.

sudo apt-get install gnustep-gui-runtime
say "hello"

Refer: https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/how-to-use-aplay-and-spd-say-command-in-linux/

spd-say Seems to be built-in

spd-say "Hello World"
spd-say -t female2 -r -30 "Hello World"
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Register an AppImage as a desktop application in Linux

Refer: https://dev.to/tqbit/how-to-register-an-appimage-as-a-desktop-application-in-linux-31c7

The Scenario:

You have an .AppImage file and would like to treat it like an installed Linux app.

The solution:

Create a custom .desktop file

For this article, I'll use the following constraints:

  • Register the Electron.js app Marktext on an Ubuntu 20.04 distro
  • Use this icon from icon-library.com or some other place

Let's do it.

NOTE: You might have to use sudo commands to access files in the /bin and /use directories

  • Download the .AppImage file and an icon you would like to register it with
  • Move the .AppImage file to the path /bin, e.g. sudo mv ~/Downloads/Marktext.AppImage /bin/
  • Make it executable with sudo chmod +x /bin/Marktext.AppImage
  • Save the icon under /use/share/icons/custom/markdown.png e.g. sudo mkdir --parents /use/share/icons/custom && sudo mv ~/Downloads/markdown.png /use/share/icons/custom/
  • Create a .desktop file under ~/.local/share/applications/marktext.desktop
  • Paste the following content into it:
[Desktop Entry]
Name=Image Name                           # NAME YOUR IMAGE HERE
Comment=What this program does            # COMMENT ABOUT USAGE
Exec=/bin/marktext-x86_64.AppImage        # REPLACE WITH YOUR .AppImage
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Icon=/usr/share/icons/custom/markdown.png # REPLACE WITH YOUR ICON
Categories=Utility                        # SET THE CATEGORY, CAN HAVE MULTIPLE ENTIRES SEPARAGED BY ;
MimeType=text/markdown;                   # SET MimeType
Keywords=marktext;markdown;               # ADD SEARCHABLE KEYWORDS
StartupWMClass=filename.AppImage          # USE PROGRAM BINARY NAME HERE
Actions=NewWindow;

That should do it. Try pressing the Super key now and search for the app.